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L kb 6 e h S S t e e h S 2 d O Du D D R I A B J m d 0 M 0 N J. S. & A.W. BAIRD & J. E. PARSONS, Executors.

STEAM BOILER.

Patented May 31, 18.92.-

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J. S. & A. W. BAIRD 8n J. E. masons, Executors.

STEAM BOILER.

Patented May 31 kw aZZzTrne a r fllvulvt 5 -6 J 00000060, o oo o q o o oo o o o o 0 0 oooooooooooooooo o o o o o o o o q o o o o o o o o00000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o o o o o o 0 0000000000 0 00000000000oooooooooo 00000000 o o o o o o o o oogoo Z7ZvenZ5r Jo/0v 64/00 O OgO OOOOOOOOOOOO 080 O OO OCDOGOOG OO O O0 OO O UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN BAIRD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.; JOHN S. BAIRD, ADDISON 1V. BAIRD, ANDJOHN E. PARSONS EX EOUTORS OF SAID JOHN BAIRD, DECEASED.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,181, dated May 31,1892.

Application filed May 4, 1891. Renewed May 7, 1892. Serial No. 432,138.(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN BAIRD, mechanical engineer, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at No. 324 Lexington avenue, in the city,

5 county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is aspecification.

My present invention more especially re- IO lates to steam-boilers ofthe locomotive type provided with upright arched tubes constituting orcontained within the fire-box and substantially horizontal fines ortubes in the boiler-shell. Boilers of such a type are ex [5 emplified inUnited States Letters Patent granted to me as follows, viz: No. 402,127,dated April 30, 188.); No. 434,973, dated August 26, 1890, and No.435,386, dated September 2, 1890; also in application, Serial No.384,736,

filed March 12, 1891, and Serial No. 388,656,

filed April 13, 1801.

The object of my invention is to secure a compact and efficient boileradapted to generate ample high-pressure steam in a com- 2 5 parativelysmall space, which end I attain by certain novel organizations ofinstrumentalities hereinafter specified.

The accompanying drawings show so much apparatus only as is necessary toillustrate 0 the subject-matter claimed. Unless otherwise indicated theparts are of usual approved construction and ordinary operation. Shortunfeathered darts indicate the direction in which the sections areshown, dotted arrows the course of the water-circulation, and solidarrows that of the products of combustion. The fire-box end of theboiler I term the front and the opposite the back or rear end. That sideon the right of a person fac- 4o ing the fire-box I term the right, theopposite side the left.

Figure l is a plan with the smoke-stack and portions of the casingremoved; Fig. 2, a vertical longitudinal central section on the line 2 2of Fig. l,looking to the left; Fig. 3, afront elevation; Fig. 4:, a backelevation with a part of the casing removed. Fig. 5 is a verticaltransverse section on the line 5 5 of Figs. 1 and 2, looking backward;and Fig. 6, a similar sect-ion on the correspondingly-nnmbered line.

A combustion-chamber or tire-box A, provided with grate-bars a and abridge-wall B, lies between a front head 0 and a back head D, consistingof parallel plates with waterspaces between them. The sides and top ofthe 5 5 fire-box consist of aseries of transverse arched water-tubes E,placed close together side by side between the front and back head,their lower ends being united by longitudinal water-tubes H, connectingthe front head with the lower shell G. A series of longitudinalwater-tubes F are arranged centrally in the fire-box, their front endsbeing connected with the upper portion of the front head. These tubesextend backward through the upper portion of the fire-box to a pointnear its rear end, where they are bent downward and connected by across-pipe H with the water-tubes H and by a series of small pipes 71/with the back head or Waterleg at the bottom of the tube-sheet of thelower shell G. This shell is constructed in the form of a flatendedcylinder of comparatively large diameter in proportion to its length,about the lower two-thirds of which is filled with a large 75 number offiretubes g of comparativelysmall diameter-say two and ahalfinches. Thetop row 9 of these tubes, which comes just about the normal water-lineof the boiler, is made of larger diametersay five inches. The upperportion of the boiler-shell likewise contains still larger fines A Aconnected by rear hoods a and by front hoods A The diameter of the lowershell, it'will be observed, is nearly as great as the width of thefire-box, and its entiresteam-space or about one-third of its heightextends above the level of the top of the fire-box.

An upper shell K of comparatively small diametersay about one-third thatof the 0 main shellextends forward from the upper front portion of thatshell over the fire-box, and rests upon the front head with its bottomjust about the normal water-line of the boiler. This shell containsreturn-fines A and direct 5 fines A connected by a front hood A andconstituting continuations of the corresponding central fines of themain shell. The corresponding side fines of the main shell come outsideof the upper shell, as shown in Fig. 3. I00

The front head is connected with the ,upper shell by a steam-pipe c, andeach of the arched fire-box tubes E is connected with the bottom of thisshell by a short vertical pipe 6. This upper shell,with the upperportion of the main shell, constitutes a steam-space, where the steam isdried and superheated. A perforated steam exit pipe 1 extendslongitudinally through the upper portion of both shells from a pointnear the back connection through the front head of the upper shell. Thesteampipe being thus so far above the water-line, the steam isthoroughly dried and superheated and the tendency to priming diminished.A bolt J, extending longitudinally through the heads of the shell,strengthens them against longitudinal strains.

The feed-water is shown as flowing through a pipe L on the left-handside of the boiler provided with a suitable check-valve land extendingbackward, preferably, inside the boilercasing to a water-box M,extending across the rear end of the back connection about the level ofthe top of the boiler, and consequently some distance above its normalwater-level. A series of pendent open-ended tubes m, arranged aroundthis box in an annular or ovoid form, is connected with a similar box Mbelow it by means of larger tubes m inclosing the others. The lower boxM is in turn connected with the bottom of the lower or main boiler-shellby a pipe N, pro vided with a check-valve 92. These checkvalves 1 nenable the flow of the feed-water to be regulated at either end of theboiler. The water-boxes, it will be seen, are of an ovoid or flattenedring shape, the side next the main shell being provided with a doublerow of tubes, while the front one has a single row only. The hot gasesare thus enabled to pass both around and through the central opening inthe water-boxes.

The products of combustion traverse two different paths from. thecombustion-chamber or fire-box. One portion goes through the lowerfire-tubes 9 into the back connection A, where it circulates around andamong the pendent feed-water-circulating pipes and impinges against thelower water-box, around the sides of which and of the upper box itescapes through the chimney. Another portion passes through the largeupper flues g and back hoods a and through the lower or return flues Aboth of the main and upper shells, to the front hoods A thence throughthe upper or direct lines A of both shells to the back connection,whereit impinges against the feed-water boxes, and thence passes up thechimney A The entire length of both shells is thus twice traversed bythis portion of the hot gases, and the main shell is traversed by themthree times, thus thoroughly drying and superheating the steam.

The top of the fire-box is shown as covered with brick-work B, as wellas its sides, and

other necessary portions of the boiler are to be jacketed or protectedwith asbestus or other heat-resisting material Wherever required.

The boiler is of course to be supplied with the most approvedappliances, including safety-valves, water, steam, and air passages, andValves for filling, emptying, or working the boiler, as well as theusual manholes and firedoors.

Many of the details of my improved boiler are illustrated in theapplications and patents above mentioned, and such details areaccordingly of course not claimed herein.

30th the applications above mentioned show pendent tubes in the backconnection, the organization, however, being different from that hereinshown, and another application, Serial No. 391,735, filed May 6, 1891,shows horizontal feed-water heater-tubes also in the back connection,and I therefore limit my claims herein accordingly.

I claim herein as new and as of my own in vention l. The combination,substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a fire-box orcombustion-chamber, a back connection, an interposed boiler-shell oflarge diameter extending above the fire-box, an upper shell extendingover the fire-box, and a series of direct and return lines in bothshells, through which hot gases pass to dry and superheat the steam.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a fronthead, a back head, a fire-box or combustion-chamber, parallel uprighttransverse arched water-tubes inclosing its top and sides, a backconnection, a main or lower shell of large diameter between the fire-boxand back connection, pipes connecting the front head, back head, archedtubes, and main shell, an upper shell over the fire-box, and direct andreturn lines in the main shell and upper shell, through which a portionof the products of combustion pass.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a fronthead, a back head, a fire-box or combustion-chamber, parallel uprighttransverse arched water-tubes inclosing its top and sides, a backconnection, an interposed lower or main shell of a diameter equal to thewidth of the fire-box, but extending above it, an upper shell of smallerdiameter overlying the fire-box in front of the main shell, steam-pipesconnecting the front head and arched tubes with the upper shell, directand return flues in both shells, and a steam-pipe extending from theback of the main shell forward through the upper shell to dry andsuperheat the steam.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

JOHN BAIRD.

Witnesses:

A. J. BAIRD, ADDISON W. BAIRD.

